The Moon Temple of Pejeng. Nestled in the tranquil village of Pejeng, just outside Ubud, the Moon Temple, or Pura Penataran Sasih, is one of Bali’s oldest and most mysterious temples. Known for housing the famous “Moon of Pejeng,” a massive bronze drum that is believed to be the largest and oldest drum in Southeast Asia, the temple is a sacred site deeply rooted in Balinese history, culture, and spirituality. This article delves into the significance, history, architecture, and legends surrounding the Moon Temple of Pejeng, making it a must-visit destination for those seeking to understand Bali’s rich spiritual heritage.
1. The History and Significance of the Moon Temple
The Moon Temple, or Pura Penataran Sasih, holds a special place in Balinese history and Hindu-Buddhist culture. The temple is thought to date back to the 10th century, during the time when Bali was heavily influenced by Hinduism and Buddhism brought by the Majapahit Kingdom from Java. Built as a place of worship, the temple was initially dedicated to the moon and the agricultural deities, who play a significant role in Bali’s rice-growing culture.
Over the centuries, the Moon Temple has evolved into a place of cultural and spiritual importance for the Balinese people. The main attraction within the temple is the “Moon of Pejeng,” a large bronze drum that stands as a symbol of mystery, power, and spirituality. The drum is not only a remarkable artifact due to its size and craftsmanship, but it also holds deep mythological significance. Balinese legends, passed down through generations, have imbued the Moon of Pejeng with a sense of sacredness, connecting it to the forces of the cosmos and the island’s supernatural beliefs.
2. The “Moon of Pejeng”: An Ancient Bronze Drum
The centerpiece of the Moon Temple is undoubtedly the Moon of Pejeng, also known as the Nekara Pejeng. This drum, measuring over two meters in length, is believed to be over 2,000 years old and is one of the largest bronze drums in the world. Historians suggest that it dates back to the Southeast Asian Bronze Age, making it a valuable artifact in Indonesia’s archaeological history.
The Moon of Pejeng holds deep symbolic meaning. According to local legend, it was once the wheel of a chariot carrying the moon across the night sky. The drum fell to earth when a thief tried to steal it, and its light is said to have illuminated the village of Pejeng. To this day, the drum is regarded as a sacred object that brings protection and prosperity to the people of Pejeng. The drum’s surface is decorated with intricate carvings, including solar motifs, frogs, and geometric designs, reflecting both the artistic skill and the cultural values of the time.
The drum is housed in a specially designed shrine within the temple, allowing visitors to admire its beauty and feel its historical resonance. For the Balinese, the Moon of Pejeng is more than just an artifact; it is a link to their ancestors and a symbol of the island’s connection to the divine.
3. Architecture and Layout of the Moon Temple
The Moon Temple’s architecture reflects the classic Balinese temple layout, with multiple courtyards and shrines arranged according to the principles of Balinese Hindu cosmology. The temple is divided into three main areas: the outer courtyard (nista mandala), the middle courtyard (madya mandala), and the inner sanctum (utama mandala). Each courtyard has a distinct purpose, with the outer and middle courtyards accessible to the public and the inner sanctum reserved for religious ceremonies and rituals.
The temple’s main entrance is marked by a large split gate, or candi bentar, adorned with intricate carvings of deities and mythological creatures. Beyond the gate lies the temple complex, where the air is filled with the scent of incense and the sounds of prayer during ceremonies. Within the inner sanctum, you will find a series of shrines, including the main pavilion housing the Moon of Pejeng.
Balinese architectural elements, such as meru towers, ornate stone statues, and traditional stone carvings, are visible throughout the temple. These structures are not merely decorative; they represent the spiritual beliefs of the Balinese, with each shrine or statue dedicated to a specific deity or ancestral spirit. The temple’s layout and design create a peaceful environment that encourages meditation and reverence, allowing visitors to feel the sacred energy that permeates the grounds.
4. Legends and Myths Surrounding the Moon of Pejeng
The Moon of Pejeng is surrounded by several captivating myths that add to its allure and mystery. One of the most popular legends tells the story of how the drum came to fall from the heavens. According to Balinese mythology, the drum was once the wheel of a chariot carrying the moon across the sky. One night, a thief attempted to steal the moon, but the wheel fell to the earth and landed in Pejeng, where it continued to glow, illuminating the village.
Another story describes the Moon of Pejeng as a powerful talisman that protects the village from evil spirits. Locals believe that the drum has the ability to ward off dark forces and ensure prosperity for the community. Its presence in the temple serves as a constant reminder of the divine protection that the gods provide to the Balinese people.
These legends have helped shape the spiritual significance of the drum, making it not just an archaeological artifact but also a revered sacred object. For the Balinese, the Moon of Pejeng is a symbol of the island’s connection to the cosmic forces and its longstanding spiritual traditions.
5. Temple Rituals and Festivals
As a place of worship, Pura Penataran Sasih holds regular rituals and ceremonies to honor the gods and the ancestors. Like many Balinese temples, the Moon Temple follows the Pawukon calendar, a 210-day cycle that determines the dates of temple festivals and anniversaries. During these festivals, the temple comes alive with elaborate offerings, traditional dance performances, and the sounds of gamelan music.
One of the most important ceremonies held at the Moon Temple is the odalan or temple anniversary. During this event, the temple is adorned with colorful decorations, and villagers gather to present offerings and pray for blessings. Priests perform sacred rituals, and the atmosphere is filled with a sense of reverence and communal spirit. This is a time when the temple’s spiritual power is at its peak, drawing both locals and visitors who wish to participate in the festivities or simply observe the cultural traditions.
For those visiting during a temple ceremony, the experience is unforgettable, providing a window into the island’s spiritual practices and the deep devotion that the Balinese people hold for their gods and ancestors.
6. Visiting the Moon Temple: Practical Information
For travelers interested in exploring the Moon Temple and learning about its fascinating history, here are some practical tips:
- Location: The Moon Temple is located in Pejeng, a village about 4 kilometers east of Ubud, making it easily accessible by car or scooter.
- Opening Hours: The temple is typically open to visitors from morning until late afternoon. However, it’s best to visit in the early morning or late afternoon to avoid crowds and enjoy a more peaceful experience.
- Entrance Fee: A small entrance fee is usually required, which goes toward the maintenance of the temple and its grounds.
- Dress Code: As with all Balinese temples, visitors are expected to dress modestly. A sarong and sash are required, and they are often available for rent or provided at the entrance if you don’t have your own.
- Photography: While photography is generally allowed, visitors should be respectful and avoid taking pictures of people who are praying or participating in rituals.
7. Why Visit the Moon Temple of Pejeng?
The Moon Temple of Pejeng is a must-visit for anyone interested in Bali’s cultural heritage, history, and spiritual traditions. Unlike more popular tourist sites, the Moon Temple offers a quieter, more introspective experience, allowing visitors to connect with Bali’s ancient past and its rich tapestry of mythology and religious devotion. The temple’s architecture, combined with the sacred energy of the Moon of Pejeng, creates a unique atmosphere that feels timeless and profound.
For history enthusiasts, the chance to see the Moon of Pejeng up close is invaluable, as it is one of the world’s oldest bronze artifacts. For spiritual seekers, the temple provides a peaceful environment for reflection and connection with Bali’s spiritual energy. Overall, the Moon Temple offers a blend of history, art, and spirituality that captures the essence of Bali’s enduring cultural legacy.
Conclusion
The Moon Temple of Pejeng stands as a symbol of Bali’s spiritual and cultural heritage. From its ancient bronze drum, the Moon of Pejeng, to its traditional architecture and captivating legends, the temple embodies the island’s rich history and devotion to the divine. Visiting the Moon Temple is not just a sightseeing experience; it is a journey into the heart of Bali’s traditions and the mysteries that continue to inspire and intrigue people from around the world.